Uloga materinskog jezika i dobi u ovladavanju engleskim članomu ranom učenju engleskoga kao stranoga jezika
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15291/csi.4447Ključne riječi:
određenost/neodređenost, ovladavanje, osnovnoškolski učenici engleskoga kao stranog jezikaSažetak
Kategorija određenosti i neodređenosti često se povezuje s pojmom jezičnih univerzalija (Silić 2000; Chomsky 2000), tj. nema jezika u kojem ne postoji izražavanje spomenute kategorije, nego se jedino može govoriti o različitim načinima njezina izražavanja. U engleskom jeziku navedena kategorija najočitije je gramatizirana članom (Zergollern- Miletić 2008). Nepostojanje izražavanja određenosti i neodređenosti članom u materinskom jeziku (hrvatskom) pretpostavlja ograničenje i poteškoće u ovladavanju navedenom kategorijom u inom (engleskom) jeziku (Balenović, Medved Krajnović 2013; Zergollern-Miletić 2015). U radu se iznose rezultati istraživanja o uporabi člana u pisanim sastavima učenika u osnovnoj školi. U istraživanje je uključeno ukupno 76 učenika petih i osmih razreda iz šest različitih škola (razreda). Učenici su počeli učiti engleski jezik u prvom razredu osnovne škole. Polazi se od pretpostavke da se ovladanost članom povećava s godinama učenja, što pretpostavlja i višu razinu jezičnog umijeća općenito. Kvalitativna analiza pisanih sastavaka izvršena je metodom analize pogrešaka svrstanih u kategorije točna/netočna uporaba, kao i izostavljanje člana. Rezultati istraživanja djelomično potvrđuju polaznu pretpostavku, tj. učenici su svjesni postojanja člana ispred imenica, ali ne i razumijevanja njegova značenja što dovodi do pogrešne uporabe i čestog izostavljanja člana. Iz toga proizlazi da je član vrlo složena jezično-semantička kategorija te je putanja ovladavanja njime dugačka i fluktuirajuća, pogotovo za govornike čiji prvi jezik nema člana, neovisno o stupnju ovladanosti engleskim jezikom.
Preuzimanja
Reference
Balenović, Katica; Marta Medved Krajnović. 2013. “The and A in the Interlanguage of Croatian Primary School Children”. UZRT 2012, Empirical Studies in English Applied Linguistics (Eds. Mihaljević Djigunović, Jelena; Medved Krajnović, Marta). Zagreb: FF Press: 36–44.
Balenović, Katica. 2014. “Acquisition of English Articles by Croatian Primary School Students in Early English Foreign Language Learning”. American Journal of Educational Research, Vol.2, No.7, 436–440.
Hen, Hsiu Chao. 2000. “Error analysis of some features of English article usage”. Journal of Wu-Feng Applied Linguistics, 8, 282–296.
Chomsky, Noam. 1957. Syntactic Structures. The Hague: Mouton.
Chomsky, Noam. 2000. New Horizons in the Study of Language and Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Chomsky, Noam. 2002. On Nature and Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ekiert, Monika. 2007. “The Acquisition of Grammatical Marking of Indefiniteness with the Indefinite Article a in L2 English”. Columbia University Working Papers in TESOL & Applied Linguistics, Vol. /, No. 1, 1–43.
Erk, Mirna; Silvija Ručević. 2021. “Early English language acquisition: how early is early enough?” Suvremena lingvistika, 92, 141–163.
Fodor, Janet; Ivan A. Sag. 1982. “Referential and quantificational indefinites”. Linguistics and Philosophy, 5, 355–398.
Hawkins, John A. 1978. Definiteness and Indefiniteness. London: Croom Helm.
Hawkins, Robert. 2006. “Accounting for English article interpretation by L2 speakers”. Eurosla Yearbook,6 (Eds. Foster-Kohen, Susan; Medved Krajnovic, Marta; Mihaljevic Djigunovic, Jelena). John Benjamins Publishing Company: 7–25.
Huebner, Thom. 1983. A Longitudinal Analysis of the Acquisition of English. Ann Arbor, MI: Karoma Press.
Hyland, Ken. 2019. Second language writing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/97811086335547
Ionin, Tania. 2004. Article Semantics in Second Language Acquisition, (Doctoral dissertation), Cambridge, Mass: MIT.
Ionin, Tania. 2007. “This is definitely specific: specificity and definiteness in article systems”. Natural Language Semantics, 14, 175–234.
Ionin, Tania; Heejeong Ko, Ken Wexler. 2004. “Article Semantics in L2 Acquisition: The Role of Specificity”. Language Acquisition, 12, 3–69.
Tania; Maria Luisa Zubizarreta, Salvador Bautista Maldonado. 2008. “Sources of linguistic knowledge in the second language acquisition of English articles”. Lingua, 118, 554–576.
Jarvis, Scott. 2002. “Topic Continuity in L2 English Article Use”. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 24, 387–418.
Liu, Dillin; L. Johanna Gleason. 2002. “Acquisition of the article the by nonnative speakers of English”. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 24, 1–26.
Lyons, Christopher. 1999. Definiteness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Macwhinney, Brian. 2008. The Childes Project: Tools for Analyzing Talk, The Chat Transcription Format 3rd ed. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates.
Macwhinney, Brian. 2010. The Childes Project: Tools for Analyzing Talk, Clan Manual, 3rd ed. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates.
Martinović, Anna; Katica Balenović. 2019. “A Study of English Article Usage among Croatian University Students”. Metodički Vidici, 10, 95–112. Doi: 19090/mv.2019.10.95-112.
Master, Peter. 1990. “Teaching the English Articles as a binary system”. TESOL Quarterly, 26, 461–478.
Master, Peter. 1997. “The English article system: Acquisition, function, and pedagogy”. System, 25, 215–232.
Morales, Alexandra. 2011. “The Role of the L1 in the Acquisition of English Articles by Spanish-Speaking Children”. In Proceedings of the 11th Generative Approaches to Second Language Acquisition Conference (GASLA) (Eds. Herschensohn, Julia; Tanner, Darren). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings: 83–89.
Ogawa, Mutsumi. 2008. “The Acquisition of English Articles by Advanced EFL Japanese Learners: Analysis Based on Noun Types”. Journal of Language Culture Language and Information, Vol. 3, Department of Language and Culture School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Osaka: Osaka prefecture University: 133–151.
Paradis, Johanne. 2019. “English Second Language Acquisition from Early Childhood to Adulthood: The Role of Age, First Language, Cognitive and Input Factors”. In Proceedings of the 3rd Boston University Conference on Language Development (Eds. Brown, M. Megan; Daily, Brady). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press: 11–26.
Parish, Betsy L. 1987. “A New Look at Methodologies in the Study of Article Acquisition for Learners of ESL”. Language Learning, 37, 361–383.
Park, Ki-Hwa, 1996. The article acquisition in English as a foreign language. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED397647
