Učinci procesa privatizacije stanovanja u postsocijalističkoj Hrvatskoj
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.3083Ključne riječi:
socijalističko i postsocijalističko razdoblje, privatizacija stanovanja, stambeni standard, financijalizacija stanovanja, proces europeizacije, HrvatskaSažetak
U radu će se prikazati neke od najvažnijih promjena u području stanovanja iz socijalističkog i postsocijalističkog razdoblja. Tranzicija iz 1990-ih prema demokratskom sustavu i tržišno orijentiranoj ekonomiji ojačala je privatizaciju vlasništva, posebno vlasništva nad stanom. Promjene su vidljive u kvaliteti stanovanja i stambenoj politici, ali i socioekonomskim i sociodemografskim okolnostima koje su s njima uzročno-posljedično povezane. Stanovanje se od nekadašnjega stambenog zbrinjavanja od države prebacuje na brigu građana samih te vlasništvo nad stanom postaje privilegija. Kroz procese otkupa i povrata nacionaliziranih stanova iz socijalizma dolazi do procesa privatizacije stanovanja te Hrvatska postaje jedna od postsocijalističkih zemalja koja ima među višim udjelima privatnog vlasništva. Iz takve će situacije proizaći mnogobrojne posljedice vidljive u svim aspektima života, posebno demografskim i gospodarskim, a utjecat će i na stambeni standard. U kontekstu jake privatizacije i financijalizacije stanovanja te reducirane uloge države, mnogi aspekti sprječavaju rješavanje stambenih prava i problema. Na njih se nadovezuju gospodarski problemi nastali forsiranjem tržišta i rastom privatnoga građevinskog sektora te eskaliranjem globalne financijske krize koja se prelila i na hrvatsko tržište. S druge strane, nepovoljni demografski trendovi vidljivi su u smanjenju prosječne veličine obitelji i porastu broja obitelji (kućanstava) bez djece što dovodi do drugačije stambene potražnje.Reference
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