This article is a contribution to the study of the economic situation in Dalmatia in the 1930s of the 20th century. Basing his reserach on the original documetary sources, which are rather scanty and fragmentary, then literature dealing with the subject and contemporary newspaper articles the author describes the unemployment of workers and emigration of the population. The economic crisis after 1930s aggravates the problem of the agrarian over-population in Dalmatia, causing the poor peasants to look for extra earnings outside their small pieces of land, thus competeing with the unemployed labour in towns. The insecurity of employment caused a frequent change of the place of work. The second part deals with the problem of emigration being a consequence of the social position of the Dalmatian peasant. In the first decades of the 20th century the most productive and the most vital part of the Dalmatian population was affected by emigration.
