Diplomatic formulas of Latin Bulls belonging to Bosnian-Hum rulers and Peers from the 12th to 15th century

Abstract

Regarding diplomatic formulae of the Bosnian-hum Latin bulls in the period from the 12th to 15th century one can speak of the great variety of those. The most persistant are the formulae of invokatio, dispositio, inscriptio, and datatio. All others went through a change more or less. Among them one can speak of corroboratio, narratio, promulgatio, arenga and vitnesses (testes). Rather rarely one can trace salutatio, petltio, sanctio, invocatio verbalis, aprecatio, and subscriptio. The oath of allegion is always attached to some other formula. Most rarely used was symbolic invocation. Invocatio verbalis is found in the well known formula which was in the use in the West, but was taken over from the East, and was usually used for single invocation for each of the three deviine persons. The affirmation of the invocatio verbalis which follows bull’s statement of contents is aprecatio. Intitulatio is also under the influence of the West. It can be traced very often at the beggining of the bulls. Inscriptio is found in the introductory part, called protocol. It can have general or rather specific form. Sometimes the oath is attached to it. It stresses the advantage of the holy kingdom over an earthly one. The same is with arenga. Promulgatio or notificatio is found in majority of bulls in the protocol, its actually an a way publication of the bull’s contents. Narratio or expositio varies placewise in the Bosnian Latin bulls. Its contents reveal the dates of historical institutions, merits of receiver of donation as well as of the former ruler’s bulls. Petitio is contentwise short, and tells us something about the person who had been given donation. Dispositio takes the largest and the most important part of the bull. It reveals donator’s wishes exposing his will regarding material and moral object. Corroboratio is short and it contains the statement about validity and durability of the bull which; bears the seal. Sanctio has a role of carrying out what bull contains, It can consist of anathema and the oath. Witnesses are always respected peers of Bosnia and Hum. Datatio contains geographical data and indicates time-dates. Bosnian-hum Latin bulls are dated according to the years of Christ’s birth, and for the beginning January 1. had been taken. Dotatio is as a rule always at the end of the bull.