It is emphasised in this paper that Croalian education should be based on Croatian cultural inheritance and its universal human values. Scholastic system should enable development of pupils' self-cognition as well as it should teach them to discover sense of responsibility for themselves and others. The author speaks in favour of introducing new methods of history teaching in schools. Such a history teaching should expose the truth about our neighbours as well as about ourselves. It shouldn't be an invitalion to continue killings, but it must help younger generations to accept, in the spirit of Croatian culture, new models of social behaviour. The author, emphasising the significance of an approach in history teaching based on cultural patterns, speaks in favour of a study of patriarchal society, of western models in Croatia and of oriental despotism of "long duration" in Serbia. At doing so, it is necessary to bring methodology of modern history Science into the history teaching methods, in order to enable re-structuring of its subject matter. In a didactic experiment the author has discovered that 7th grade pupils in elementary schools could understand history subject matter better after they had studied its "innovated" structure even during a short period of time. In the same time pupils improved their relation towards history and their self-cognition level. In the 8th grade history teaching procecded on the seventh grade subject matter. Implementation of the problem solving method in the 8th grade has improved the quality, but it didn't effect either a diminution of anxiety or a change of moral attitudes. Thosc facts inform us of a necessity to connect school subjects more carefully, thus creating a new scholastic "environment".
