The new monumental stele with Portraits from Roman Liburnia

Authors

  • Anamarija Kurilić Faculty of Philosophy in Zadar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15291/radovipov.2275

Abstract

At the end of the 19th century C. F. Bianchi left a short notice about Roman architecture and the cemetery in the immediate vicinity of St Luke church near Škabmja, 16 km east of Zadar, in the territory of the municipium of Nedinum. A fragment of a monumental stele with a relief portrait that served as a door-step in this church probably came from that Roman cemetery. The fragment embodies a part of the portrait field on the top and below it an inscription. The stele might belong either to an unarchitectonic type of stele with a gable (Germ. Giebel-Schaftstele) or to a variant "with storeys" of architectonic type (Germ. Stockwerkstele). The woman in the portrait field was dressed in tunica and palla and her tressed hair was probably covered with a kerchief and then with a palla above it. The inscription is divided into two parts: the part in the inscription field was engraved first; the other one was chiselled probably a decade or two later on the beam separating the inscription field from the portrait field. All the persons mentioned on the stele are distinguished natives and almost all of them bear native names: Titamoc, Voltisa and C. Titius.  Volses appear in the inscription field, and on the beam Voltisa, Tresina and her daughter Camunia. Some of these names, that is, the family names Tresina, Camunia and Titamoca, were until now completely unknown, while the personal names Voltisa and Volses and nomen gentile Titius are well known in Libumian nomenclature. The use of native names, onomastic formulas and clothing, together with recieving Roman citizenship, language, clothes, tombstone-type and onomastic system, confirms that the process of romanization was not finished yet. According to epigraphic and iconographic elements the stele was set up in the second half of the 1st century A. D., most probably during the Flavian period.

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Original scientific paper